Course 1 · Lesson 4 of 5

Why evidence and provenance matter

Trace each claim to its evidence, read confidence labels and Unknown correctly, and describe results without overstating cause.

Lesson 4 of 5 in Start Here: How Signal & Science Works

Why this matters

Marketing advice is easy to find; marketing advice you can trace is rare. Signal & Science labels what it observed, how confident it is, and what it could not verify, so you do not mistake a guess for a fact. This transparency is deliberate: a system that admits "Unknown" is one you can trust when it says "Observed."

When to use it

Before acting on any recommendation, and before quoting any number from the product to a colleague or client.

Before you start

Do this

  1. 1Open the Diagnostic page and find the confidence label (high, medium, low) on an observed area. Then check the evidence basis of the run as a whole: a banner above the report appears when the run was a direct scan only or found no observable evidence, and Diagnosis History shows each run's "Evidence map" as "Grounded read", "Direct scan only", or "Unavailable". Together they tell you how much weight to give a claim.
  2. 2Find an Unknown. Confirm that it says the system could not verify enough, and notice that it does not score you zero, rank you, or call you weak.
  3. 3Open the Marketing Plan page and read "What changed and why." Notice the careful wording: "what we think drove it" is a hedged hypothesis, not a proven cause.
  4. 4Check for "Suggested changes to your plan." It appears only when there is a suggestion; when it is absent, the system has nothing better to propose rather than inventing something. That restraint is intentional.
  5. 5Look at "Recorded task results": each entry shows when it was recorded, its verdict, and its source. A task still inside its window shows "Task completed. Measurement pending." on its card instead. Pending is a legitimate state, not a missing report.

What you should see

Observed areas show their confidence and the sources behind them, and the run states its evidence basis. Where evidence is missing, you see Unknown rather than a guessed number or a placeholder that looks like customer data.

How to judge it

You can point at any claim in the product and name the evidence behind it, or state plainly that it has none. You describe results with "based on," "observed after," "coincided with," "informed by," or "reflected in," and never with "caused" or "proved revenue" unless the evidence supports it.

What it does not mean

  • Observed does not mean proven. It means usable evidence was found, with a stated confidence and a named source.
  • Distribution is not impact. Reach, views, and impressions are distribution evidence; they are never automatically proof of leads or revenue.
  • A confident-sounding recommendation without cited evidence should be treated as a suggestion to verify, not a fact to act on.

Try it in Signal & Science

Open the Diagnostic page and read the confidence level and evidence basis on one finding before you act on it.

Open in Signal & Science

Put it to work

Know what to do next.Know whether it worked.

Signal & Science keeps the evidence, the plan, and the results in one place, so each lesson here becomes a working habit in your own workspace.